Designing the routing of corrugated pipes in complex spatial layouts to reduce fluid resistance requires a comprehensive approach, encompassing multiple dimensions such as pipe routing planning, waveform structure optimization, connection method improvement, surface treatment enhancement, support structure design, optimization of local resistance components, and flow field simulation verification. These measures are interconnected and work together to minimize resistance and improve system efficiency.
Pipe routing planning is a fundamental step in reducing fluid resistance. In complex spatial layouts, corrugated pipes must avoid sharp bends or abrupt changes in cross-section, as these areas are prone to fluid separation and vortices, significantly increasing local resistance. Smoothly transitioning curves should be prioritized in the design, using extended turning radii or gradually expanding/contracting structures to achieve a more uniform distribution of fluid velocity and pressure. For example, when a change in flow direction is needed, gentle bends can replace right-angle bends, or guiding devices can be added to smoothly direct the fluid, thereby reducing energy loss.
The waveform structure directly impacts fluid resistance. The waveform parameters of the corrugated pipe (such as wave height, wave pitch, and wave crest radius) determine its contact area with the fluid and the flow state. Optimizing waveform design can reduce friction and collision between the fluid and the pipe wall. For example, using a U-shaped corrugated structure, its streamlined cross-section guides the fluid to flow smoothly along the pipe wall, avoiding turbulence. Simultaneously, properly controlling the ratio of wave pitch to wave thickness can prevent the formation of stagnant zones at the wave troughs, further reducing resistance.
Improving the connection method is a key detail in reducing fluid resistance. The connection between corrugated pipes and piping systems or other components is prone to increased resistance due to abrupt structural changes. Low-resistance coefficient connection structures should be used in the design, such as connecting the corrugated section with a circumferential weld to avoid weld protrusions interfering with the fluid; or, when using flange connections, optimizing the sealing surface design to reduce fluid separation and re-attachment at the connection. Furthermore, ensuring coaxiality and perpendicularity at the connection can prevent additional resistance caused by eccentric fluid flow.
Surface treatment has a significant impact on fluid resistance. The roughness of the inner wall of the corrugated pipe directly affects the frictional resistance between the fluid and the pipe wall. Processes such as electropolishing, sandblasting, or coating can reduce the roughness of the inner wall, making fluid flow smoother. For example, electropolishing can control surface roughness to extremely low levels, greatly reducing resistance losses during fluid transport; while the application of special coatings (such as low-friction coefficient coatings) can further reduce the adhesion between the fluid and the pipe wall, improving flow efficiency.
The design of support structures is crucial for reducing fluid resistance. In complex spatial layouts, corrugated pipes need to be fixed in position by support devices to prevent pipe deformation due to vibration or displacement. A reasonable support design can prevent collisions or friction between the pipe and surrounding structures, while reducing additional resistance caused by pipe swaying. For example, using flexible supports or elastic hangers can absorb pipe vibration energy and maintain pipe stability; the spacing and position of support points need to be optimized according to the pipe routing and fluid characteristics to avoid local stress concentration or flow turbulence caused by improper support.
Optimizing local resistance components is an effective means of reducing fluid resistance. In corrugated pipe systems, valves, elbows, tees, and other local resistance components are the main sources of resistance. The design should minimize the number of such components or adopt structural forms with low resistance coefficients. For example, replacing right-angle bends with gentle curves, replacing abrupt cross-sections with tapered pipes, or installing flow guides at tees can guide fluid flow smoothly and prevent vortex generation.
Flow field simulation verification is a crucial step in ensuring design effectiveness. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations allow for intuitive analysis of the fluid flow state in corrugated pipes under different orientations, identifying high-resistance regions and enabling targeted design optimization. For instance, simulations can reveal the velocity distribution, pressure gradient, and turbulence intensity of the fluid within the corrugated pipe, providing data support for waveform parameter adjustments and connection structure improvements.
